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Preservación

Enviado el 10/08/2011

Eduardo Villanueva Mansilla

Todos los días, sin que nos demos cuenta, muchas personas dejan un gran testimonio de la cultura de nuestros tiempos. Lo hacen además sin asumir que son parte de la cultura, sin rollos ni discursos. Lo hacen a través de medios digitales, y poco a poco crean un enorme tapiz que refleja nuestra época.

El ejercicio de subir un video a YouTube, o de colocar una foto en Flickr, o de crear un blog sobre asuntos locales, es un acto de creación, o por lo menos de registro, cultural. Esto, sin contar las acciones explícitamente "culturales", aquellas que son realizadas por personas o colectivos que se asumen creadores artísticos en el amplio sentido de la palabra. Un reflejo cotidiano de lo que los peruanos somos y de cómo vivimos y sentimos nuestra peruanidad, en todas sus posibles acepciones, contradictorias como son.

Reivindicar esta capacidad de creación es importantísimo, dado que una de las grandes ventajas de nuestros tiempos digitales es que la posibilidad de registrar y difundir lo que queramos es cada vez más común, más asequible. De la escasez de una foto ocasional, guardada en un cajón y mostrada ocasionalmente a amigos incautos, ahora pasamos a un despliegue de voces que muchas veces nos impiden ver el bosque por el árbol: los casos individuales de fotos, videos o textos nos parecen banales cuando no lamentablemente atorados de mal gusto; el reflejo de la totalidad es un paseo gratuito por lo que los peruanos sentimos, gustamos y apreciamos.

¿Quién se preocupa de este patrimonio "digital"? En un país en el que no hay esfuerzos sistemáticos para la preservación de nuestro patrimonio cultural no monumental, lo digital ni siquiera está en agenda.

Estados Unidos tiene un registro nacional de películas, parte de su biblioteca nacional (1), en el que se garantiza que las grandes obras de su cinematografía serán preservadas para la posteridad. Se discute, aunque no se implementa todavía, mecanismos similares para lo digital, incluso para manifestaciones relativamente menores.

Es imposible preservar todo, pero por lo menos algo debería estar guardándose. Salvo los materiales que se conservan como depósito legal, que es un tema distinto con un propósito distinto, el Perú no tiene nada parecido a una política de preservación de nuestro patrimonio mediático, y no se hace nada para garantizar que nuestras expresiones cotidianas en lo digital sean recogidas o siquiera reconocidas como tales por quienes podrían estudiarlas.

Puede sonar a mucho, y quizá para algunos, la idea de poder ver, en veinte años, “Jarjacha” en versión digital les parezca irrelevante. Pero la realidad es que nuestra cultura incluye a “Jarjacha” (2) tanto como a “Al fondo hay sitio” y a “Pásame la Manty”(3). Y si queremos tener contacto con esas expresiones de lo que somos, tenemos que confiar en que YouTube y algún afanoso coleccionista local mantendrán nuestras posibilidades de acceso intactas.

¿No sería mejor confiar en que nuestro Ministerio de Cultura piense ese tema? ¿No sería bueno que se acepte que lo digital, sea como expresión original o como levantamiento histórico, es digno de preservación?

Notas:

1) www.loc.gov/film/filmnfr.html
2) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yXTatGxF6NU
3) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s6ZGpDRCQMM

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